Creating the Screen Collision
Introduction
So far we have a very simple project with a PlayerBall (which appears as a Circle) which can be moved with a gamepad or the keyboard. This tutorial covers creating collision for the game. This tutorial introduces two new types.
ShapeCollection - an object which can contain any number of shapes. Adding multiple shapes to a ShapeCollection makes the creation of collision relationships very easy.
AxisAlignedRectangle - this is a rectangle shape which can be created in Glue just like We'll use multiple AxisAlignedRectangles to assemble our level, and we'll be organizing these in a list object.
Creating the Walls ShapeCollection
First we'll create a ShapeCollection called Walls. This ShapeCollection contains all of the rectangles in our game. ShapeCollections are a specialized list which can contain multiple instances of Shape objects such as Circles and AxisAlignedRectangles. To create the Walls ShapeCollection:
Select GameScreen
Click the Quick Actions tab
Click Add Object to GameScreen
Select ShapeCollection as the type
Enter the name Walls
Click OK
Adding Wall AxisAlignedRectangles
Now that we have a ShapeCollection for our walls, we can add the individual walls. To add the first wall AxisAlignedRectangle:
Right-click on the Walls item.
Select Add Object
Select AxisAlignedRectangle as the type. Notice that available types are limited to shapes since we are adding to a ShapeCollection.
Enter the name Wall1 and click OK.
Now we can modify the properties of this wall. Select Wall1 and change the values as follows:
Y = 300
Width = 800
Height = 30
Doing so moves the rectangle to the top of the screen. If you run the game you should see the wall at the top of the screen.
Now that we've created a single wall, we can duplicate it by right-clicking on it and selecting the "Duplicate" command:
Create 5 duplicates, so that the Walls list holds a total of 6 AxisAlignedRectangle instances:
Next set the X, Y, Width, and Height variables for for the newly-created walls as follows: Wall2
X = 0
Y = -300
Width = 800
Height = 30
Wall 3
X = -400
Y = 200
Width = 30
Height = 200
Wall 4
X = 400
Y = 200
Width = 30
Height = 200
Wall 5
X = -400
Y = -200
Width = 30
Height = 200
Wall 6
X = 400
Y = -200
Width = 30
Height = 200
When finished, the game should have walls made of AxisAlignedRectangles with gaps on the left and right sides for goals:
Implementing Collision
Next we'll use collision relationships to define collision between the PlayerBall and Walls. We'll revisit collisions in later tutorials, so keep in mind that this is only the first step in setting up our game's collision. When we created our PlayerBall entity in an earlier tutorial, we marked that the entity should contain a Circle object. Doing so automatically marked the Entity as using the ICollidable interface. As a reminder, the following image shows the window we used to create the PlayerBall entity:
Since our PlayerBall is an ICollidable, that means it can collide with any other ICollidable and with any shapes - like the Walls. We need to tell our game that we want the PlayerList to collide against the PlayerWalls. The easiest way to do this is to create a Collision Relationship in Glue. To do this:
Drag+drop the PlayerBallList onto the Walls in the Glue explorer. This creates a new CollisionRelationship
Select the new CollisionRelationship (which is named PlayerBallVsWalls)
Creating PlayerBallVsWalls collision relationship Select the Collision tab
Change the Collision Physics to Bounce Collision so that our PlayerBall bounces against the walls
Change the PlayerBall Mass to 0. This means that the PlayerBall behaves as if it has no mass, so it will not be able to move the walls. Be sure to press Enter or Tab to save the change.
If we run the game now, the PlayerBall collides with the walls.
We use CollisionRelationships here because they are very powerful and require no code. Just like everything else in Glue, collisions can also be managed in code. If you are interested in writing collision purely in code, see the CollideAgainstMove page.
Why doesn't the PlayerBall Bounce?
The CollisionRelationship we created in the previous step set the Collision Physics to Bounce Collision, but if we move the PlayerBall to the wall, it doesn't bounce. While this may seem like bounce collision is broken at first glance, the real reason is because of the way our movement has been implemented. Our code in PlayerBall sets the velocity values every frame. When the PlayerBall collides against the wall, the bounce physics sets the velocity values to simulate a bounce; however, our code in PlayerBall overwrites this velocity immediately. We will make changes in a later tutorial to our movement code so we no longer overwrite the velocity every frame, and so the bounce movement works as expected.
Conclusion
Even though the game isn't really playable yet, we're definitely starting to see something come together. We have a movable object and game boundaries which have solid collision. The next tutorial duves deeper into the control of our PlayerBall Entity.
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